Wilsons Disease
This disease is caused by the inheritance of a mutation on chromosome 13. The mutation prevents the body from eliminating excess copper. Ceruloplasmin is the protein that binds and removes excess copper and its levels are greatly reduced in this disorder. Too much copper in the system damages the cells of the liver and leads to cirrhosis. Neurological damage primarily occurs in the putamen and globus pallidus, collectively known as the lenticular nucleus.
Locked In Syndrome
This syndrome is due to stroke, tumor or trauma to the ventral part of the rostral pons. Lesions there render the individual quadriplegic, unable to speak and incapable of facial movement. Some people would think these individuals were in a coma, except that they are able to move their eyes and if given an eye communicating device they can communicate. It is unusual, however, to have an eye communicating device.
Weber Syndrome
This syndrome is due to damage to the structures at the base of the midbrain including the third cranial nerve and the corticospinal and corticobulbar fibers in the cerebral peduncle. It is characterized by complete 3rd nerve palsy and associated with contralateral hemipelagia.
Common causes of this syndrome are aneurysm in the posterior parts of the Circle of Willis, tumor, and occlusion in vessels supplying the anterior midbrain.
Common causes of this syndrome are aneurysm in the posterior parts of the Circle of Willis, tumor, and occlusion in vessels supplying the anterior midbrain.